The Truth about Orthodox Christianity Essay Example For Students

The Truth about Orthodox Christianity Essay As described inThe Grand Inquisitor by DostoevskyThe writings of Fyodor Dostoevsky and Helen Ellerbe show substantial evidence that the orthodox Christians did in fact steal from humanity the divine freedom it was promised by Jesus Christ. This thesis is supported in Dostoevskys The Grand Inquisitor from his book The Brothers Karamazov. The dark side of Christian history by Helen Ellerbe also supports this theory. The Inquisition itself shows credibility to the theory that orthodox Christianity was established to conquer and control the freedom of humans. 2. Orthodox Christianity has a history of trying to deceive humanity. In her book, Ellerbe proclaims that: Orthodox Christianity fostered humanitys shift towards a world view that pays little heed to the idea of divinity. (Ellerbe 165). In addition, the Grand Inquisitor claims it as a merit for himself and his Church that at last they have vanquished freedom and have done so to make men happy. (Dostoevsky 1081). 3. Reading The Grand Inquisitor while considering the history of early Christianity, the question can be asked, Did orthodox Christians really believe in God? Or is the God they believed in a guise that Christianity has put forward to have humanity believe in Him through its teachings only. The Roman Church had taken Gods celebrations of nature and converted them to Christian celebration. In The dark side of Christian history, Ellerbe supports this when she writes Unable to convince people of the absence of God in nature, the early Church instead incorporated aspects of the very nature worship it condemned (Ellerbe 143). We will write a custom essay on The Truth about Orthodox Christianity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 4. The Spanish Inquisition was established in 1478. King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I requested the Inquisition. At first, The concern of the Inquisition in Spain was over the conversion of Marranos:Marranos were Jews that were converted to Christianity using force and pressure by society. It is estimated that by the end of the 14th century about 100,000 Jews had become Marranos, although the greater number of Jews openly adhered to their faith even at the risk of expulsion. Some Marranos actually accepted Christianity, but most of them practiced Judaism in secret, while others waited only for an opportunity to throw off their Christian disguise (Encarta 99). Later, the Inquisition turned to people of Islam and attempted to convert the in the same way they had done to the Jews. And, even later, to those suspected of being Protestants. The Spanish Inquisition was similar to the first inquisition that was started in France. It was centrally directed by the Supreme Council of the Inquisition, but its procedures were similar to its medieval counterpart. Although the Spanish Inquisition received approval from the Pope, the papacy turned the control of the Inquisition over to the King and Queen after only a few years of being started. The prose that Ivan Karamozov wrote in The Grand Inquisitor was set in Seville, Spain. 5. Dominican Churchmen, including Tomas de Torquemada, as well as other religious, were officers of the Inquisition. The most influential and notorious Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition was Tomas de Torquemada. Tomas was the first Grand Inquisitor and executed thousands of suspected heretics. It can be assumed, but not substantiated, that the Grand Inquisitor in Dostoevskys story is the same person or has a very close resemblance. Dostoevsky portrays the Grand Inquisitors attire: He is not dressed in his gorgeous cardinals robes. As he was the day before, when he was burning the enemies of the Roman Church. (Dostoevsky 1079). Of course, this is only speculation on my part since little more is known about the Inquisitors themselves. The Grand Inquisitor involves taking the man performing miracles in front of the cathedral prisoner. The Grand Inquisitor begins to question and threaten the Prisoner. 6. The Grand Inquisitor tells the Prisoner that the Prisoner himself had turned all his power over to the Pope: All has been given by Thee to the Pope, they say, and all, therefore, is still in the Popes hands (Dostoevsky 1080-1081). This idea is also in agreement in The dark side of Christian history where it is written: Christianity has helped to create a society in which people are alienated not only from each other but also from the divine. (Ellerbe 1). 7. The Grand Inquisitors statements and questions support the deceit of orthodox Christianity. He accuses the Prisoner of ignoring man: Thou didst reject the only way by which men might be happy. But, fortunately, departing Thou didst hand on the work to us. (Dostoevsky 1081). During that time of feeling ignored, Christianity was free to change many Pagan beliefs to be vilified or to conform to Christian ideals. The Prisoner, when asked to do so by the dread spirit had refused to turn rocks into loaves of bread. The Prisoner had turned away from providing Man food from Nature. The Church took this as another reason for Man to turn to it as their salvation. Dostoevsky writes: They will find us and cry to us, Feed us, for those who have promised us fire from heaven havent given it. Then, And we alone shall feed them in Thy name, declaring falsely that it is in Thy name. Oh, never, never can they feed themselves without us! (Dostoevsky 1082). Helen Ellerbe states that The Church spent c enturies prohibiting displays of reverence that involved nature. (Ellerbe 142). In addition to the forsaking of nature, The Grand Inquisitor accuses the Prisoner had given men freedom, but man could not handle the freedom that was given to them. The Church took over that feeling of freedom. For fifteen centuries we have been wrestling with Thy freedom, but now it is ended and over for good. (Dostoevsky 1081). And have concluded that they have taken control of mans freedom: But let me tell Thee now, today, people are more persuaded than ever that they have perfect freedom, yet they have brought their freedom to us and laid it humbly at our feet. (Dostoevsky 1081) and Modern thought most often validated Christian tenets. The perception that the universe operates like a machine or a clock corroborated St. Augustines contention that human beings have no free will. (Ellerbe 173). Even Mans freedom to celebrate was usurped by Orthodox Christianity. Humanity had been forced by the church t o consider their pagan events as Christian. Christian holidays were held at the same time. One of those holidays held most dear by humanity today, Christmas was made to correspond to the pagan celebration of the winter solstice. What we call Easter as Christians had virtually the same meaning as the pagan holidays Attis. (Ellerbe 148). .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .postImageUrl , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:hover , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:visited , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:active { border:0!important; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:active , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Spiritual Root Of My Resilience Essay8. The Prisoner uses the performance of miracles to influence the people and have them worship Him. Whenever the words He, Him, Thee, and Thou are capitalized in all grammatical cases, we have become accustomed to referring to God and/or Jesus Christ. In The Great Inquisitor this remains the case. The Grand Inquisitor refers to the talk in the wilderness and says to the Prisoner, the great spirit talked with Thee in the wilderness, and we are told in the books that he tempted Thee. (Dostoevsky 1081). This statement was in reference to Satans temptation of Christ in the wilderness. 9. Simply touch the Prisoner or His garments performed miracles: He holds out His hands to them, blesses them, and a healing virtue comes from contact with Him, even with His garments. An old man in the crowd, blind from childhood, cries out, O Lord, heal me and I shall see Thee! and, as it were, scales fall from his eyes and the blind man sees Him.. (Dostoevsky 1079). 10. He raises the daughter of a prominent citizen from the dead: The procession halts, the coffin is laid on the steps at His feet. He looks with compassion, and His lips once more softly pronounce, Maiden, arise! and the maiden arises.. (Dostoevsky 1079). 11. These are miracles that Christians relate to Jesus Christ. Yet the orthodox Christians believed that death was a passing from an earth that was possessed by the devil to deliverance to God in heaven. Orthodox Christians, in their effort to conquer it, often ended up glorifying death. Jesuss most valuable act was understood to be not his miracles of healing or his message of love and peace, but rather his act of dying. The Bible states that the day of death is better than the day of ones birth. (Ellerbe 162). 12. HE is silent because talking would give support to the Churchs Inquisition. His appearance and aura alone shows understanding and love. It also shows that Jesus will not answer to the Grand Inquisitor. He will not admit that the Church is correct, but it puts him in a catch 22. If he does answer, the Church is justified in their Inquisition of Humanity. At points where He should be wrought with anger the Prisoner continues to look upon the Grand Inquisitor with consideration. His appearance and aura alone shows understanding and love. This is understood by the inquisitor and is firmly rejected, And why dost Thou look silently and searchingly at me with Thy mild eyes? Be angry. I dont want Thy love, for I love Thee not. (Dostoevsky 1086). The Grand Inquisitor receives his answer to all his questions and accusations at the end of the story. The Prisoner, still silent, places a kiss on the lips of the inquisitor. 13. The Grand Inquisitor joins the clever people. The inquisitor now understands that the Christians will never achieve their goals to bring people into harmony with themselves. As Ivan says in the story:You see, only suppose that there was one such man among all those who desire nothing but filthy material gain-if theres only one like my old Inquisitor, who had himself eaten roots in the desert and made frenzied efforts to subdue his flesh to make himself free and perfect. But yet all his life he loved humanity, and suddenly his eyes were opened, and he saw that it is no great moral blessedness to attain perfection and freedom, if at the same time one gains the conviction that millions of Gods creatures have been created as a mockery, that they will never be capable of using their freedom, that these poor rebels can never turn into giants to complete the tower, that it was not for such geese that the great idealist dreamt his dream of harmony. Seeing all that he turned back and join ed- the clever people. (Dostoevsky 1089). .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .postImageUrl , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:hover , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:visited , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:active { border:0!important; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:active , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on My Opinion On Teaching Philosophy14. The Grand Inquisitor was an atheist but could not break away from orthodox Christianity. This was the Inquisitors secret in the entire story. The Grand Inquisitor could not deny Him as could the clever people that he joined. They have no such great cleverness and no mysteries and secrets. . . .Perhaps nothing but Atheism, thats all their secret. Your Inquisitor does not believe in God, thats his secret. (Dostoevsky 1089). 15. The Inquisition was the vehicle by which the Church could cover-up its lies to humanity. This has been shown by Ivan Karamozov, in an excerpt from The Grand Inquisitor: My story is laid in Spain, in Seville, in the most terrible time of the Inquisition, when fires were lighted every day to the glory of God, (Dostoevsky 1078). In the The dark side of Christian history it is stated that, the Church turned its force against European society itself, launching a brutal assault upon southern France and instituting the Inquisi-tion. (Ellerbe 3). Therefore when people in the 15th century spoke of freedom, it was only the freedom that the Church allowed them to have. 16. The Grand Inquisitor proves the thesis of this paper. Ivan says:he sees that he (the Inquisitor) must follow the counsel of the wise spirit, the dread spirit of death and destruction, and therefor accept lying and deception, and lead men consciously to death and destruction, and yet deceive them all the way so that they may not notice where they are being led, that the poor blind creatures may at least on the way think themselves happy. (Dostoevsky 1089). 17. Also, Ellerbe states: The perception that the Universe operates like a machine or a Clock corroborated St. Augustines contention that human beings have no free will. (Ellerbe 173). And Atheism simply extended the Christian idea that God is distant and removed from the physical world. Once people accepted that, it was not difficult to believe that God did not exist at all (Ellerbe 171). 18. All the historical evidence of the Inquisition and the writings of Dostoevsky and Ellerbe show substantial evidence that the orthodox Christians did in fact steal from humanity the divine freedom it was promised by Jesus Christ. Works CitedEllerbe, Helen. The dark side of Christian history. San Rafael, CA: Morningstar Books, 1995. Dostoevsky, Fyodor; The Grand Inquisitor from The Brothers Karamozov. Taken from Literature of the Western World by Wilke, Brian, and Hurt, JamesMicrosoft Encarta 99, Microsoft Corporation, 1993-1998.

Facebook Usage in Business

Facebook Usage in Business Introduction Information Technology (IT) is becoming a fundamental requirement for people with desires to align with the modern world. It has been established in a multidimensional perspective that incorporates a variety of fields. These advances in IT are facilitated by mass media, cloud and mobile computing, business analytic, and social media among others (Voss, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Facebook Usage in Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Apparently, the development of IT will continue integrating, advancing and producing quality outcomes. Social media are among the most developing areas in IT. It has contributed significantly to socialization, information dispersion, advertisement, sales, and business development among others. Consequently, this analysis report will pay particulate attention to social media (Facebook) that have enabled business development. Facebook Description Faceb ook is a social network that allows interaction of signed users. It was implemented by Mark Zuckerberg in the year two thousand and four (Decarie, 2010). The initial target was to enable students’ interaction in universities. However, the development of the network assumed a broad dimension that facilitated global interactions. A person registers for free and meets friends from various backgrounds for interaction. It allows users to post ideas, comment, request friendship, create pages, and chat among others. It has managed to collect users throughout the globe since 2004. Furthermore, Facebook has brought people together for communication and interaction. They allow businesses to advertise their products and services through a section referred to as the business page. Facebook has a patent that allows partnership with other profit making organizations. This depicts that there are opportunities to develop businesses through this popular network. In fact, most businesses have identified the opportunities and applied them for developmental purposes. Current Capabilities Popularity of Facebook has managed to bring people together and allow business activities. These services are being offered for free to users. Consequently, it can unite many people regardless of social class and distance between them. The large number of people logging into Facebook facilitates the advertisement and announcement through social sites. Consequently, it can collect worldwide data and information to display the prevailing issues. It is potential of accessing the globe and retrieving information in a fast manner. For instance, the arising issues about violence appear in Facebook within minutes. People post current issues freely without the necessity of confirmation.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the recent Boston bombing, people were able to d istribute the threats and suspicious activities throughout the globe. Consequently, people understood conversely about the exact occurrences at the place of bombing. Finally, it has the capacity to restrict information meant for specified people. Facebook can prevent people to access confidential information. This could be facilitated by the request of the posting user. Strengths Marketing is an area that relies on advertisements facilitated partly by the social media (Waters et al, 2009). Facebook accommodates more than one billion users worldwide. This epic tally enhances mass operation especially where many ideas area required at once. The visits made to the website facilitate sales of goods and services. In fact, Facebook redirects to partner businesses for selling reasons. The trust created by Facebook facilitates sales and development of other businesses. For instance, Facebook can influence the income of key businesses such as Safaricom. The distribution of Facebook throughou t the globe allows fast and efficient spread of information. In the United States, it is apparent that politics rely on Facebook. Also, many other civilized nations are applying Facebook to disseminate political ambitions. Facebook has achieved a criterion to facilitate business competition. Price advertisement is the most prevailing factor of this competition. This allows people to buy products after comparing prices and qualities. Finally, Facebook can facilitate mass survey for research activities. Weaknesses However, it must be noted that Facebook is not liable for individual posts. The accuracy of information posted on Facebook might be misleading. Therefore, conciseness of information posted on this site relies on the posting party. For instance, if a company claim to offer products at cheap prices, the definition of cheap would be on the hands of the buyer and the company. Facebook is facing competition from other social medias such as Twitter and Google plus. Also, accessing Facebook requires the user to pay the server. Additionally, since Facebook is not a search engine, people might prefer to join the advanced Google plus media. People can try to make fake Facebook pages with similar appearances to confuse users and hark their sites. Another, unexceptional weakness involves wastage of time. If students and children do not manage Facebook appropriately, it could consume their time and arrest the prioritized activities. Near-Term Expansion The development of Facebook is mitigating many loops about new opportunities and techniques (Mangold Faulds, 2009). For instance, there are developments that were made recently about the Facebook Exchange. This development is expected to integrate marketing through Facebook. It is targeted that a company/business will have signed customers. The customers will be able to buy products from this page.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Facebook Usage in Business specifically for you fo r only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The development of Facebook Exchange is being tested and will be available after some time. The expansion of Facebook does not rely solely on the website. The headquarters have targeted to employ 1000 new workers to operate on the site. This implies that there are additional infrastructure and facilities required for this expansion. The number of new registrations is increasing in a geometric manner. Consequently, there will be an expansion of the members signed to the site. Adoption to Safaricom Safaricom limited is a Kenyan company that runs a variety of profit making activities. The company has been providing mobile networks since 1997. It has managed to establish shops and integrate its services in many dimensions. Safaricom’s profits are related partially to social media including Facebook. Advertisements Advertisements allow Safaricom to reach customers worldwide. Customers and other people are granted the opportunity to access information. Safaricom has a Facebook page that allows people to check for the offer on call rates, data bundles and products. This familiarity allows people to identify the opportunities that could arise from Safaricom. It increases the income due to increment of purchases performed. The page shows the popularity of Safaricom limited due to the comments made on their Facebook wall and credible attitude designated by the ‘likes’ (Kirk, 2010). The page allows customers to ask questions through a messaging systems and receive adequate reply. In some instances, the advertisements include direction and privacy policies to enlighten customers about their operations. In product advertisements, Safaricom assesses customer and announces their appealing product to people. For instance, there were advertisements made about phones. Ideos were the most selling phone brands for 2 years in Kenya. The popularity of this product arose due advertisement through social and msass media. Socialization This aspect mitigates Safaricom to apply the most sociable sites that can unite people. Apparently, the integrity and trust of Safaricom lies squarely on interactions with Kenyans. Facebook offers Safaricom the opportunity to integrate its ideas with people. In fact, people from all over the globe could access Facebook and its services without going to the headquarters. The interactions allow them to present their services, such as study mode, to customers. Also, open channel for socialization allows the potential customers to integrate their abilities explicitly and gain attraction from Safaricom services. This is because there are other existing companies offering similar services to the country. These companies include Zain, Yu and Orange. This field of competition has been described explicitly under the section of competition in a following paragraph.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Competition Facebook has created a desire for many companies, including those competing with Safaricom, to engage in social media (Lerner, 2011). Consequently, a business that disregards the social media is assumed odd. This influences the income and popularity of the business. It could have influenced Safaricom to create a page showing how people are attracted to its services. Otherwise, the comments that customers provide are critical for modifications and expansions (Dickson Eckman, 2008). Safaricom manages to post its financial analysis to the social media. This depicts their apparent strategies in conducting business. Ideologies Facebook allows Safaricom to evaluate customers throughout the globe. The fast and easy services allow customers to provide comments about how they perceive Safaricom services. This facilitates modifications of their services and cautiousness when operating. For instances, it was established recently that there was a crying need for clients to share da ta bundles. This arose from the continued comments and complaints about internet sharing. Therefore, it can be identified that Facebook played a vital role of determining the needs of people. Other forums allow Safaricom to post questionnaires that can be answered by well-wishers through Facebook. Additionally, there are questions that Facebook creates to facilitate rating of business services. Safaricom services have been rated to lay the bases and trust in services and products. However, Facebook has shown the areas that Safaricom needs to modify when providing services to customers. For instance, what if the support center did not cater for customers conveniently? Individuals have been fired from jobs due to their disrespect on customers through call and Facebook support centers. Browsing Safaricom makes profits when people buy airtime to browse and chat on Facebook. Active users must ensure that they have data bundles to maintain the Facebook account online. Therefore, users buy airtime and raise the income of Safaricom. In Kenya, the development of these social sites triggered Safaricom to develop a daily internet bundle. The daily bundles vary from five to twenty Kenyan shillings. Additionally, this development triggers Kenyans to buy phones that can browse Facebook. Consequently, Safaricom developed shops to sell phones, laptops, modems, and electronic accessories among others. Therefore, it could be concluded that Facebook has led to the development of Safaricom through browsing charges. Messaging Facebook Safaricom has integrated the use of Facebook through messaging. Individuals without browsing devices can use Facebook through sending messages. These messages are sent from the Safaricom network. Therefore, charges are incurred to cater for the services being offered by Safaricom. This messaging Facebook allows the use of Facebook to every person owning a phone. In Kenya, 70% of the total country population own phones that can reply to messages. Cons equently, Safaricom’s income from messaging services is increased due to the increased number of Facebook users. Security Facebook and Safaricom have a mutual share of identity. Irregularities identified under browsing of unidentified individuals are established and defined under the Safaricom customer databases. For instance, if a person uses Facebook to cyberbully another individual, Safaricom provides records of all customer registered to use the internet. Consequently, Facebook and Safaricom can assist each other to eradicate illegal activities. Facebook users comply with the companies policies that disregard illegal activities. The registered name must represent a real person (Kim, Choi, 2007). Therefore, Safaricom allows registration of customers to the website through Facebook account. This simplifies the process of signing up to a Safaricom account. When customers increase, it is expected that profits will rise proportionally. The relationship between Safaricom and F acebook achieves attainment of trust due to their high rating. Privacy Facebook privacy keeps Safaricom confident when posting and serving customers through its channel. The privacy allows Safaricom to secure the contents of customers and their activities. Customers are, therefore, confident when sharing through the website. They are aware that their private issues will not be accessed by third parties. Legal activities require companies to provide the exact requirements and services offered. These policies are signed to ensure that a court of law can be involved in cases of dispute. It is, therefore, promising when both Safaricom and Facebook have a privacy policy to protect customers. In case a customer is offended by the companies, the legal necessities can isolate the mistakes and charge the party concerned. This makes Safaricom and Facebook trustworthy to the customers. This development boosts Safaricom when operating and serving the customers appropriately. Suggestions and Com ments This area has valid and practical implications to the development of Safaricom limited. They gather information from Kenyans and other people from the globe to develop the business. Safaricom remains updated about the occurrences of every day. This allows abrupt response before customers are lost. Otherwise, if customers remain dissatisfied without any responsive measure towards the dissatisfaction, other businesses will join the market. The suggestions allow Safaricom to evaluate the mood of people and determine the best strategies of fixing issues in accordance to the suggestions. Attraction becomes evident when a need is addressed. Customers appreciate that their voice matters to the business operations. Facebook facilitates this assessment at a fast rate and on a wide area. The media can manage to collect ideas from a million people in different countries. Conclusion Advancements of information technology are prevalent and exposed throughout the globe (Kaplan Haenlein, 20 10). This growth has been facilitated significantly by social media. Facebook has dispersed well throughout the world. It could be used to develop businesses and trigger other developments in information technology. The growth of Facebook could assume a bigger dimension than the one that we experience today. However, it is through determination and desires to test/apply ideas that these establishments become successful. Developers and other liberal minded people should establish bases to allow prosperity of businesses such as Safaricom. Also, businesses should recognize Facebook and design strategies to develop it towards their advantage. References Decarie, C. (2010). Facebook: Challenges and Opportunities for Business Communication Students. Business Communication Quarterly, 73(4), 449-452. Dickson, M. A., Eckman, M. (2008). Media Portrayal Of Voluntary Public Reporting About Corporate Social Responsibility Performance: Does Coverage Encourage Or Discourage Ethical Management? Jo urnal of Business Ethics, 83(4), 725-743. Kaplan, A. M., Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59-68. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007681309001232?via%3Dihub Kim, S. W., Choi, C. J. (2007). Habits, Self-Control and Social Conventions: The Role of Global Media and Corporations. Journal of Business Ethics, 76(2), 147-154. Kirk, H. (2010). How Social Media Are Changing The Face Of Business. Leader to Leader, 2010(57), 59-60. Lerner, T. (2011). Friends in Online Places: Business and Social Media. Strategic Direction, 27(10), 19-22. Mangold, W. G., Faulds, D. J. (2009). Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business Horizons, 52(4), 357-365. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007681309000329?via%3Dihub Voss, C. (2011). Social-Media-Tipps Den Vertrieb. Sales Business, 20(9), 32-34. Waters, R. D., Burnett, E., La mm, A., Lucas, J. (2009). Engaging stakeholders through social networking: How nonprofit organizations are using Facebook. Public Relations Review, 35(2), 102-106. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0363811109000046?via%3Dihub

German word order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

German word order - Essay Example Verb final position is an older form, inherited from Indo-European, and Fagan explains that â€Å"Verb second or middle position is an innovation in OHG as in the other Germanic languages and is the norm in declarative sentences† (Fagan, p. 193). Fagan calls this the â€Å"verb-second constraint† because strictly speaking the norm in German does not necessarily include the subject in the first position. Many other items can take the first place, so long as the verb remains second, for example: 1) Seinem Sohn hat er das Elternhaus geschenkt. [poss. dative to his] [indir. obj son] [verb has] [sub, he] [def art acc the] [obj house] [verb inf given] 2) Sehr oft haben sie Sommersprossen. [adv very often] [verb have] [subj they] [obj freckles] 3) Fußball spielen wollte er. [obj football] [verb inf to play] [verb wanted] [subj he] (From Fagan p. 131) In these sentences an indirect object (to his son), an adjectival phrase (very often) and an object (football) are moved to first position in order to create emphasis on these items. The subject is moved back to a position later in the sentence, but the verb stays in the second position. Because German is an inflected language, which gives indication of subject, object, indirect object, etc, in the words themselves, word order does not need to indicate the function of each item in the sentence, and this allows more ordering flexibility in noun phrases and adjectival phrases.

German assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

German - Assignment Example oon during daytime and will tie a rope in the oak tree and pull the moon down and when it lays on the ground, they will cover it with cloth so no one will notice the robbery. 6. Once back home, what do they do with the moon, and how do the people and dwarfs react? Once the travelers got home, they happily placed the moon up the oak tree and the people were glad the entire field as well as all of the chambers were filled with brightness, while the dwarfs came out and danced with joy. 7. When one of the travelers is getting sick and facing death, what does he order? When one of the travelers fell ill and foresaw his death, he requested that the fourth part or a quarter of the moon should be given to him and be laid upon his coffin. 9. Describe what the dead do when they wake up. When parts of the moon re-united in the underworld, the 4 travelers rose from their grave and became astonished when they knew that they could still see. They became amusing and accepted of the magistrate’s old life-style again. And eventually, they play, dance, get drunk until they finally quarreled to each and everyone. 10. Why do the dead prefer the moon to the sun? The dead prefer the moon because this is the only thing that they do not have in their previous land and that they could take parts of the moon to themselves. Once, there was a land that lived in complete darkness – no moon has ever appeared in it but only stars. When the sun set behind mountains, there comes a luminous ball stood high up an oak tree and generously poured out light to the entire land. Hence, the luminous ball in the oak tree served as a moon for the people who lived there. One night, four travelers who have came from another country planned to steal the luminous ball so they could bring it to their magistrate and her land that does not have a moon. They asked a farmer what that luminous ball stand for and later found out that it was their â€Å"moon† and could only give light or brilliance by pouring

Integrated Occupational Therapy Practice Case Study

Integrated Occupational Therapy Practice Case Study Introduction This report will focus on the occupational therapy (OT) process for Meera (Appendix A), a 56-year-old woman with a left cerebral vascular accident (CVA). Stroke is the death of brain cells due to the lack of oxygen (Bartels et al. 2016).It can either present as haemorrhagic or ischaemic in nature. Risk factors of CVA include hypertension and hypercholesterolemia which Meera has. Stroke may lead to neurological, psychological, speech and musculoskeletal complications. Meeras symptoms of right hemiplegia, right sided neglect and speech difficulties can be attributed to the occlusion of her left middle cerebral artery (Mtui et al. 2016). A multidisciplinary inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit was involved with Meeras post-stroke rehabilitation. Stroke patients who underwent treatment inpatient stroke care were found to have improved independence (Stroke Unit Trialists Collaboration 2013). Treatment was aimed at managing vital problems through restorative and compensatory approaches in order to prepare her for discharge (Edmans 2010). Thus, this service was most appropriate for Meera due to her recent onset of stroke. The OT process was guided by recommendations from the College of Occupational Therapist, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)(2013) and Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party (ISWP)(2016)(Edmans 2010). Assessments and Problems Identified An initial assessment was gathered through an interview using the Kawa Model. It portrays a persons life as a river and various objects such as rocks, river banks and driftwood depict circumstances experienced by a person (Teoh and Iwama 2015). Younger stroke patients such as Meera may require services which cater particularly to their needs which most stroke units were found not to do so (ISWP 2016). As Kawa focuses on the view of the client, it allows the therapist to know what is important to Meera in order to formulate priorities for intervention. The assessment is shown below: Life flow and priorities (river) Past Medical History: Hypertension Hypercholesterolemia Roles and Occupations: Independent in self-care Proud Stay at home mother Took charge of matters at home such as: Cleaning Shopping Gardening Laundry Enjoys cooking for family Present Medical History: Stroke Roles and Occupations: Patient Needs assistance in most self-care tasks Loss of previous role and not engaging in occupations meaningful to her Future Meera felt afraid and pointless to talk about the future, worrying that she may have another stroke if she engaged in activity. Obstacle and Challenges (rocks) Occupational performance challenges: Right hemiplegia with increased spasticity in right arm and leg, causing difficulty in: Sitting Coordination of movement Tasks that require her hands due to being right handed Unable to feel sensations on right hand Feels she cannot remember things as easily and may not know the time and place she is at Right sided neglect with visual agnosia, resulting in difficulty : washing right side awareness of people approaching from affected side interacting with others Expressive dysphagia hinders communication with others. Feeling low mostly Feels useless Embarrassed that people are taking care of her Fatigues easily Concerns Family unable to function as she is unable to manage the household A burden to family, especially her husband who needs to manage the household together with the pressure at work now that she is in hospital Childrens studies and social life may be affected as they may be concerned about Meera and visiting her in hospital may affect their daily life Physical and Social Environment (river banks) Physical (Home) 3 room semi-detached Bathroom, toilet and bedroom on the upper storey Kitchen, combined living and dining room on ground floor Nearest bus stop and convenience store 10 minutes walk away Social Close knit family Meera usually supports family members as they will confide her during difficulties Looks forward to dinner every day where family will gather together Family is most vital source of support for Meera Frequent interaction with neighbours and will help each other with chores if needed Occasionally communicates with extended family overseas on phone Personal resources (driftwood) Personality Hardworking Afraid of trying new things Kind and caring Responsible With information from the initial assessment, the problem list was formulated in a client-centred manner (ISWP 2016). Stroke survivors felt more engaged in the therapeutic process when their perspectives were taken into account (Peoples et al. 2011). Interventions were based on Meeras perceived problems in order to increase her motivation in therapy which she lacked. However the Kawa model only shows the problems perceived by Meera but not the therapists views. In order to gather a clinical and therapeutic point of view, standardized assessments were conducted as well. The table below depicts the various assessment conducted, reasons for use, limitations and results. Assessment Reasons for use and limitations Results Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) (Fisher and Jones 2010) AMPS evaluates motor and processing skills of clients through observation of appropriate tasks (Fisher and Jones 2010). Self-care, specifically showering, dressing and cooking tasks which was important to Meera, were used to assess. This allowed the OT to break the tasks down and acknowledge the challenges Meera faced in order to formulate an appropriate intervention. AMPS was found to be valid, reliable and standardized among cultures but results has to be computer generated in order to be valid which may make the process tedious (Fisher and Jones 2010). Less than 1 for both motor (Moderate increase in physical effort) and process (Moderate inefficiency and disorganization) skills. Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) (Itzkovich et al. 2000) LOTCA evaluates the orientation, visual and spatial perception, visual-motor organization and thinking operations through the use of various activities included in the kit (Itzkovich et al. 2000). This allowed the OT to assess Meeras right sided neglect and to discover any underlying cognitive deficits. The LOTCA is reliable and valid for use in people with stroke but needed to be conducted in more than one sitting as assessments were long and tedious for Meera who experience fatigue (Katz et al. 2000). Meera was able to sequence tasks but was unable to complete tasks involving her right field of vision. She needed prompts to complete orientation tasks. Activities involving memory were also a challenge for her. Rivermead Motor Assessment (RMA) (Lincoln and Leadbitter 1979) The RMA consists of tests evaluating the gross, leg, trunk and arm function of a stroke patient (Lincoln and Leadbitter 1979). This was conducted together with the physiotherapist. The RMA allowed the team to know which movements Meera had difficulties in order to formulate appropriate interventions. This assessment was found to be reliable and valid but due to being strenuous and long, it had to be conducted in a few sessions due to Meera showing signs of fatigue (Kurtais 2009) Meera was not independent in transfers and mobility, she required assistance of one for transfers and used a wheelchair for mobility. She also had minimum trunk and leg control at her affected side and require assistance for movement. However, she is able to hold objects using her affected arm but cannot reach for an object far away due to scapular instability. Â  From these assessments, 3 problems Meera faced, in order of significance was developed: 1. Loss of independence in self-care affected Meera the most. From the assessments conducted, it was found that challenges in motor, cognition and perception affected her performance in self-care. Managing self-care would focus on these domains as well (NICE 2013). It was hoped that Meera would be more engaged in therapy by focusing on an issue she perceived as critical. This was evidenced by a study where patients were more motivated and engaged more in interventions when treatment was catered to their perceived needs (Combs et al. 2010). This would also help Meera to elevate her mood as low involvement in self-care was found to be a factor for post-stroke depression (Jiang et al. 2014). The psychologist in the team would be managing Meeras low mood as well (ISWP 2016). By working with Meera on her self-care would also remove some burden from Sanjay, who was assumed to be her main carer when she is discharged from hospital. 2. Problems with visual perception, specifically right side neglect and agnosia, were targeted as it was found to have an influence on self-care (Barker-Collo et. al 2010). This would help Meera in performing self-care tasks. Her visual deficits also affected her social life and transfers. Managing her perceptual problems would allow her to interact more with other patients in the ward which could provide her with social support. 3. Meeras motor challenges, specifically right side weakness and spasticity were addressed as it was one of the major challenges faced during self-care. It was hoped that through the management of motor deficits, Meera would increase her engagement in occupations. This would also have a positive effect for Meera in future as it was shown that physical function affected quality of life in stroke patients (Ellis et al. 2013). Motor challenges faced by Meera would be managed in conjunction with the physiotherapist (ISWP 2016). Skills in managing motor challenges can also be transferred to other aspects such as cooking and reinstating her role as a homemaker. Treatment Plan Client Aims: Meera wants to be more engaged in her personal care. Therapist Aims: To increase Meeras engagement in her self-care tasks. To manage Meeras right sided neglect and agnosia. To manage Meeras weakness and spasticity in her right arm, leg and trunk. Objectives: Meera should be able take charge of her own shower and dressing every morning for an hour, with assistance of one, in 4 weeks. Meera should be able to independently identify items required on her right field of vision for washing and dressing every morning in 4 weeks. Meera should be able to go from lying to sitting, and pivot transfer from bed to wheelchair as well as from wheelchair to shower chair, every morning with assistance of one in 4 weeks. Intervention Washing and dressing assessment was conducted through the use of AMPS. This allowed the OT to formulate an appropriate wash and dress plan for multi-disciplinary use through identified difficulties in motor and processing skills (Fisher and Jones 2010). Using a meaningful occupation as a basis for intervention was beneficial for Meera. This can be supported by a study where occupation based intervention was shown to be critical in improving occupational performance (Wolf et al. 2015). The intensity of the intervention would be higher than the recommended minimum frequency of 45 minutes, 5 days a week as it was included in Meeras daily routine (NICE 2013). The washing and dressing plan was adapted from Salisbury District Hospitals (2013) assessment form. The OT conducted the first session in order to teach Meera the relevant compensatory and visual scanning skills. Other sessions could be conducted by other staff with guidance from the plan. A further review after every few days would also be required in accordance to recommendations (ISWP 2016). Washing and dressing plan for Meera Transfers Bed Mobility: Meera is able to roll to her right side independently. She requires assistance from lying to sitting. Bed to wheelchair: Require assistance of one for pivot transfer Standing: Require assistance of one and grab rail in the bathroom Wheelchair to shower chair: Require assistance of one for pivot transfer Allow Meera to navigate to bathroom Washing Notes: Require the use of a shower chair in the shower Allow Meera to initiate and sequence task independently Only give Meera assistance when she asks for it Place items necessary for shower on Meeras right side If Meera seems to be searching for something, prompt her to look for it by turning her head Encourage use of right hand to wash herself Meera may require assistance to release her grip on objects Provide assistance if Meera feel fatigue Upper body: Meera is able to wash her right side independently Meera require assistance to wash above her elbows on her left side Assistance may be needed to wash hair and back thoroughly Lower Body: Meera should be able to wash her genitals and front upper thighs independently Assist Meera in standing with the grab rail with one person supporting at all times Another person will assist Meera in cleaning her bottom and her rear upper thigh Encourage Meera to wash her lower thighs but prevent her from falling from the shower chair Assist in cleaning the rest of the lower thighs Dressing Upper Body: Encourage Meera to put on the bra independently using the one arm method. Allow Meera to use the one hand method to wear her t-shirt. Prompt her by reminding her of the steps if she is struggling Lower Body: Meera requires assistance to put on her trousers while assisted in standing. Both the restorative and adaptive approach was used to guide the intervention. Restorative approach is grounded upon neuroplasticity where relearning takes place when new neural connections form in the brain during constant exposure to various stimulus (Gillen 2016). By practising various movements of her affected side during self-care, Meera should have a reduction in her impairments. This is supported by a study where patients who went through functional motor relearning therapy were found to have improved balance and performance in self-care (Chan et al. 2006). The compensatory approach is where tasks are modified to be easier for the clients to achieve (Edmans 2010). Even though this approach has been criticized for hindering motor recovery in people with stroke, it is still appropriate for Meera (Jones 2017). The compensatory method of using the one hand dressing method served as a feedback mechanism which could improve motivation as supported by Popovic et al. (2014). This would thus encourage Meera to engage in therapy. Risk Management Plan Meera might be fatigue and may not be able to do some of the tasks required. The staff in charge will assist when required and allow Meera to rest when needed. Due to the intimate nature of a wash and dress, Meera might feel embarrassed and down during the process. In order to preserve her dignity, sensitive areas would be covered whenever necessary and observation would be subtle. Environmental hazards would be checked before commencing any transfers or wash and dress in order to prevent falls. Relapse prevention In the hospital setting, encouragement for frequent engagement in occupation and usage of relevant motor and cognitive skills would prevent Meeras occupational performance from deteriorating (Brainin et al. 2015; Ullberg et al. 2015). According to NICE (2013), long-term health and social support should include education on symptoms and dysfunction relating to stroke, services available and participation in meaningful occupation. As such, Meera and her family would be briefed on these strategies. Outcome Measures Evaluation of treatment outcomes is important to conclude if the intervention was successful and used to change the treatment plan according (Mew and Ivey 2010). The outcomes were evaluated by using goals and comparing standardized assessment at baseline and outcome. Firstly, intervention was evaluated through the achievement of goals. Goal achievement was linked to client satisfaction and a significant client-centred outcome (Custer et al. 2013). Meera was able to achieve the objectives as expected. Secondly, the AMPS was conducted again, using the task of showering and dressing (Fisher and Jones 2010). Meera scored higher in these tasks but still required some assistance in achieving them. Thirdly, Meera improved on the LOTCA tasks which involved visual scanning, little to no improvement was seen on the orientation and memory tasks (Itzkovich et al. 2000). Lastly, the RMA was conducted again (Lincoln and Leadbitter 1979). Meera improved in the trunk, leg and upper limb function but there were still signs of weakness and instability involved. Further plans Other domains of concern would be managed as according to initial assessment and outcome measures. Further interventions would include management of cognitive function such as memory and orientation through cooking. Including Meera in a social group such as breakfast club in the ward would be beneficial to her as well (Venna et al. 2014). To prepare for discharge, Meera would be referred to the Early Supported Discharge team. The team would help Meera and her family by introducing appropriate adaptations at home and relevant education on stroke (ISWP 2016). A smooth transition from hospital to home was found to improve patients function in activities of daily living and service satisfaction (Fearon et al. 2012). This would thus be beneficial for both Meera and her family. References Bartels MN, Duffy CA and Beland HE (2016) Pathophysiology, Medical Management, and Acute Rehabilitation of Stroke Survivors IN: Gillen G (ed) Stroke Rehabilitation: A Function-Based Approach (4th Edition). Missouri: Elsevier 2-45 Brainin M, Tuomilehto J, Heiss WD, Bornstein NM, Bath PMW, Teuschi Y, Richard E, Guekht A and Quinn T (2015) Post-stroke cognitive decline: an update and perspectives for clinical research. European Journal of Neurology 22(2):299-e16 Chan DYL, Chan CCH and Au DKS (2006) Motor relearning programme for stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation 30(3):191-200 Combs SA, Kelly SP, Barton R, Ivaska M and Nowak K (2010) Effects of an intensive, task-specific rehabilitation program for individuals with chronic stroke: A case series. Disability and Rehabilitation 32(8):669-678 Custer MG, Huebner RA, Freudenberger L, Nichols LR (2013) Client-chosen goals in occupational therapy: Strategy and instrument pilot. Occupational Therapy in Health Care 27(1):58-70 Edmans J (ed) (2010) Occupational Therapy and Stroke (2nd Edition). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell Ellis C, Grubaugh AL and Egede LE (2013) Factors associated with SF-12 physical and mental health quality of life scores in adults with stroke. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 22(4):309-317 Fearon P, Langhorne P and Early Supported Discharge Trailists (2012) Services for reducing duration of hospital care for acute stroke patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 7: CD000443 Fisher AG and Jones KB (2010) Assessment of Motor and Process Skills Vol. 1: Development, Standardization and Administration Manual (7th Edition). Fort Collins: Three Star Press Gillen G (2016) Stroke Rehabilitation: A Functional-Based Approach (4th Edition). Missouri: Elsevier Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party (2016) National Clinical Guideline for Stroke. Royal College of Physicians. Available from: https://www.strokeaudit.org/SupportFiles/Documents/Guidelines/2016-National-Clinical-Guideline-for-Stroke-5t-(1).aspx [Accessed 28 March 2016] Itzkovich M, Averbuch S, Elazar B and Katz N (2000) Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) Battery (2nd Edition). New Jersey: Maddak Inc. Jiang XG, Lin Y and Li YS (2014) Correlative study on risk factor of depression among acute stroke patients. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 18(9):1315-1323 Jones TA (2017) Motor compensation and its effects on neural reorganization after stroke. Nature Reviews Neuroscience doi:10.1038. Available from: https://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/vaop/ncurrent/pdf/nrn.2017.26.pdf [Accessed 28 March 2017] Katz N, Hartman-Maeir A, Ring H and Soroker N (2000) Relationships of cognitive performance and daily function of clients following right hemisphere stroke: Predictive and ecological validity of the LOTCA battery. Occupation, Participation and Health 20(1):3-17 Kurtais Y, Kucukdeveci A, Elhan A, Yilmaz A, Kalli T, Tur BS and Tennant A (2009) Psychometric properties of the Rivermead Motor Assessment: Its utility in stroke. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 41(13):1055-1061 Lincoln N and Leadbitter D (1979) Assessment of motor function in stroke patients. Physiotherapy 65(2): 48-51 Mew M and Ivey J (2010) The Occupational Therapy Process IN: Edmans J (ed) Occupational Therapy and Stroke (2nd Edition). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell 49-63 Mtui M, Gruener G and Docker P (2016) Fitzgeralds Clinical Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience (7th Edition). Philadelphia: Elsevier National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2013) Stroke Rehabilitation in Adults. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg162/resources/stroke-rehabilitation-in-adults-35109688408261 [Accessed 28 March 2016] Peoples H, Satink T and Steultjens (2011) Stroke surviors experiences of rehabilitation: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy 18(3):163-171 Popovic MD, Kostic MD, Rodic SZ and Konstantinovic LM (2014) Feedback-mediated upper extremities exercise: Increasing patient motivation in poststroke rehabilitation. BioMed Research International 2014(2014): Article ID 520374. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/520374/ [Accessed 28 March 2017] Salisbury District Hospital (2013) Occupational Therapy Washing and Dressing Assessment. Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust. Available from: http://www.icid.salisbury.nhs.uk/ClinicalManagement/RecordsAndForms/Documents/12e3053a7be542cabff277c26634947aAcuteOTWashDressAssv1007091.doc [Accessed 28 March 2017] Stroke Unit Trialists Collaboration (2013). Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 9:CD000197 Toeh JY and Iwama MK (2015) The Kawa Model Made Easy: A Guide to Applying the Kawa Model in Occupational Therapy Practice (2nd Edition). Available from: http://www.kawamodel.com/download/KawaMadeEasy2015.pdf [Accessed 28 March 2017] Ullberg T, Zia E, Petersson J and Norrving B (2015) Changes in functional outcome over the first year after stroke: An observational study from the Swedish Stroke Register. Stroke 46(2):389-394 Venna VR, Xu Y, Doran SJ, Patrizz A and McCullough LD (2014) Social interaction plays a critical role in neurogenesis and recovery after stroke. Translational Psychiatry 4(1):e351 Appendix A Meera CVA Meera is a 56-year-old woman who was recently admitted with a left Cerebral Vascular Accident affecting the middle cerebral artery. She has a history of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. She was admitted via A E after being found by her husband. Her husband reports that she felt unwell and made her way upstairs to have a lie down. He went out to walk the dog and on his return found her on the floor in the bathroom. Meera presents with a right hemiplegia with increased spasticity in her right arm and leg. As a result, she has difficult with sitting balance and co-ordinating her movements in order to engage in activities such as washing and dressing. Meera also presents with right sided neglect, which results in her failing to identify objects on her right side, difficulty washing her right side and responding to others who approach her from her right. She has difficulty in articulating in a meaningful way to get her needs met and is very tearful. The Occupational Therapist under took an initial assessment with Meera, the report is detailed below. Initial assessment summary Meera appears low in mood and is reluctant to talk about the future. She is worried that she may have another stroke and consequently is reluctant to engage in activity. Meera is embarrassed that she needs help in personal activities of daily living and is reluctant to talk about activities that she finds difficult. Family Meera is married to Sanjay, a 58-year-old man who works as a plumber. They have two children, Anni aged 18 years who has just completed her A levels and will be attending a local university in one months time, and Sam aged 17 who is at secondary school. Social situation The family live in a privately owned three bedroomed semi-detached property in a small town. Sanjay describes Meera as a stay at home mum who prides herself on her family and her cookery skills. Posture Meera has a right- sided hemiplegia; her scapular is unstable and she finds it difficult to flex her arm above 90 degrees. Elbow extension is uncontrolled and there is stiffness in her forearm making supination difficult. She is able to grasp objects but finds release very difficult. Sensory assessment Meera has poor deep and light sensation in her right hand, which has a profound effect on a range of performance areas. Cognition and perception Meera has a right sided neglect which interfers with washing and dressing, and transfers. She also has difficulty socialising with other patients on the ward due to to this. Meera has some cognitive impairment which presents as poor memory and disorientation. These features are more prominent at the end of the day when Meera is tired. Mobility Meera currently uses a wheelchair but can manage a controlled transfer with one person assisting.

Light and Dark in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essays -- Heart Da

Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness   Ã‚   Every story has a plot, but not every story has a deeper meaning. When viewed superficially, Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness is a tragic tale of the white man's journey into the African jungle. When we peel away the layers, however, a different journey is revealed - we venture into the soul of man, complete with the warts as well as the wonderful. Conrad uses this theme of light and darkness to contrast the civilized European world with the savage African world in Heart of Darkness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In Heart of Darkness, Conrad uses light and dark to symbolize good and evil, respectively. "It is whiteness that is truly sinister and evil, for it symbolizes the immoral scramble for loot by the unscrupulous and unfeeling Belgian traders in ivory and human flesh; the whiteness of ivory is also contrasted with the blackness of the natives whose lives must be destroyed for its sake" (Gillon 25).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two central themes occur in Conrad's Heart of Darkness. The first is the struggle between the white people and the native tribes, which plays in... ...ok and also provides its title. In Heart of Darkness, there is a real contrast between what is light and what is dark. These contrasts work within a reality of civilized and savage. It appears that light represents the civilized, and dark represents the uncivilized, but truly, white is evil, and the dark is innocent and virtuous. Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Middlesex, England: Penguin Publishers, 1983. Gillon, Adam. (1982). Joseph Conrad. Twayne's English Author Series: Number 333. Kinley E. Roby, ed. Boston: Twayne.  

Process Design Matrix and Summary Essay

We’ll begin by defining processes development. According to (Chase & Jacobs) process is defined as common manufactured products that describe the necessary essential steps for the design of a product. These methods represent a basic sequence of steps or activities that an organization uses to create or modify a product. Many of these tasks involve more intellectual knowledge than physical activity. Some companies define and follow an accurate and detailed development process, while others may not even be able to describe their processes. Every company uses a different process from any other company; in fact, the same organization may follow a different process for each of its products or markets. The purpose of this strategy process is to design a process that meets the customers needs and to product details within the cost and other administrative constraints. Note that the selected process will have a long term effect on competition and the flexibility of the production, as well as on the cost and quality of goods produced. Therefore, much of the procedures strategy is provided at the time of the decision making. I work at Humana Healthcare Insurer Company. It is a Kentucky based Company with 45 years in the market, a leader in consumer-centric health benefits and a Fortune 100 company with revenues of more than $ 30 billion, ranking 79 in our evolving approach to well-being. To help people achieve lifelong well-being, the elements of purpose, belonging, security and health all work together to produce true well-being and we make our contribution to bigger than balance through core strength of our health. Taking into considering the service offered, which is a health insurance plan, Humana has a call center that uses an advanced technology platform that allows access to multiple platforms at the same time to focus on solving the resolution of the call. Calls are answered by highly trained personnel to meet the highest standards of quality and customer  satisfaction. We answer calls in a time of 20-80 seconds allowing each call to be a good experience for our customers. This will allow flows and processes designed to meet and comply with operational requirements and customer needs. To reach the highest levels of satisfaction our Call Center Workforce Management area has to forecast calls volume, agent requirement calculation, compare results and build sc hedule workforce. Our results of the survey conducted to our customers exceed the standards of 98 percent satisfaction. Another service that Humana offers are programs directed to health care. Prevention is one of the main approaches for optimal health. Humana adds value promoting programs such as Humana Beginning for pregnant women, asthma prevention program and nutrition programs where our nutritionists coordinate health programs to guide and promote an optimal health that would result in healthier employees and lower utilization costs. With this vision a 30 percent reduction of your bill for medical claims is expected. The technology used for the call distribution it’s an ACD which allows equitable distribution. Humana provides a dedicated unit called SBU / VIP Area which is a dedicated area of integrated services for our customers. The objective of this area is to manage VIP customer calls through this dedicated area, offering them an exclusive and unique service. Our product is intangible, where each of our programming methods is directed to the contact with the customer, the response time is short, and our markets are local and international. Another of our features is the simultaneous production and consumption with re sponse; duty cycles that are closed after each call and systems technology for call log inquiries to document the call resolution. The main objective is to improve quality, associates productivity and timely response. References Boothroyd, G.,P. Dewhurst and W. Knight. Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly. 2nd ed New York Marcel Dekker 2002 Cooper, R. G Winning at New Products: Accelerating the Process from Idea to Launch Reading MA Perseus Books. 2001 Morgan James M., and Jeffrey K. Liker: The Toyota Product Development System: Integratimg People, Process, and Technology. New York Productivity Press, 2006 Ulrich, Karl T., and Steven D Eppinger. Product Design an Development 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2004 Un diagrama de flujo està ¡ diseà ±ado para representar un proceso, ya sea en negocios o en lo personal, para mostrar la forma mà ¡s eficaz de completar un proceso. Un diagrama de flujo puede ayudar a visualizar lo que està ¡ pasando y ayudar a la persona o personas que està ¡n buscando en ellas para entender el proceso que se describe, y si es necesario, la forma de mejorarlo. Cada dà ­a, las personas realizan diferentes tareas que consumen una gran parte de su rutina diaria. En el siguiente artà ­culo, de un proceso especà ­fico ha sido identificado y, a continuacià ³n un diagrama de flujo ha sido diseà ±ado para mostrar los diferentes factores que pueden afectar el proceso, asà ­ como la mà ©trica especà ­fica que identifica el proceso. En el diseà ±o de un diagrama de flujo, los resultados muestran cà ³mo la cantidad de tiempo podrà ­a ser minimizado y que hacer para que el proceso sea mà ¡s eficiente. Hay diferentes tipos de diagramas de flujo, y cada uno tiene diferentes cuadros que representan distintas etapas en el proceso que se discute. Tambià ©n pueden incluir distintos niveles de detalle, segà ºn sea necesario y se muestra la estructura general del sistema. Diagramas de flujo suelen utilizar sà ­mbolos especiales, como los diamantes o rectà ¡ngulos. Un rectà ¡ngulo de bordes redondos representa las actividades de inicio y finalizacià ³n. Un rectà ¡ngulo regular representa una actividad o un solo paso. Un diamante representa el punto de decisià ³n. Las là ­neas de flujo muestran la progresià ³n de una etapa a la siguiente. Los factores que afectan el proceso de diseà ±o de tiempo dedicado a prepararse para el dà ­a serà ¡n los siguientes: 1.  ¿Por quà © me levanto de inmediato o no oprimà ­ el botà ³n de la alarma? 2.  ¿Està ¡ mi ropa planchada para el dà ­a o tienen que ser planchada? 3.  ¿Mis hijos preparan sus bultos para sus prà ¡cticas de volleyball en la noche o lo hacen en la ma à ±ana? 4.  ¿Mi hijo de 11 aà ±os tienen practica o va a quedarse en casa? Si tiene prà ¡ctica, el tiempo debe ser aà ±adido en vestirse, lavarse la cara, cepillarse los dientes, desayunar. Todos y cada uno de estos factores puede afectar el tiempo de proceso, ya que potencialmente pueden afectar la cantidad de tiempo dedicado a cada tarea. Algunas otras medidas que podrà ­an incluirse en la rutina de la maà ±ana son los siguientes: 1) Lavarse los dientes 2) Ducha 3) Secarse el cabello 4) Aplicar el maquillaje La mà ©trica que se ha identificado para medir este proceso serà ¡ el tiempo. Estoy buscando una manera mà ¡s eficiente para agilizar el trà ¡fico de la maà ±ana con mis hijos a partir del tercer grado en dos semanas y un bebà © recià ©n nacido en casa. El diagrama de flujo incorporarà ¡ la mà ©trica del tiempo para cada dà ­a de la semana que se està ¡ estudiando, en un plazo de cinco dà ­as. El tiempo es un componente crà ­tico en la maà ±ana si me les pido a mis hijos preparar los bultos para las prà ¡cticas de volleyball a tiempo o salir por la puerta para el nombramiento de un mà ©dico u otra actividad programada. Los tiempos que se enumeran a incluir la colecta de datos durante cinco dà ­as de la semana del 3 de octubre de 2011. Lunes, 10/03/11 tiempo de preparacià ³n: 32 minutos Martes, 10/04/11 tiempo de preparacià ³n: 20 minutos Mià ©rcoles, 10//05/11 tiempos para prepararse: 33 minutos Jueves, 10/06/11 tiempo para prepararse: 15 minutos Viernes, 10/07/11 tiempo de preparacià ³n: 19 minutos El tiempo total gastado en el transcurso de cinco dà ­as: 119 minutos Un diagrama de flujo puede ayudar a una persona a decidir quà © medidas tomar para agilizar un proceso en el trabajo o en su vida personal. El diagrama de flujo que diseà ±Ãƒ © muestra claramente que el fin de agilizar la rutina de la maà ±ana, es necesario cuidar al mà ¡ximo la noche anterior. Esto incluye el planchado de la ropa, preparar los bultos, y tener a mi hijo ducha. El diseà ±o del diagrama de flujo muestra el tiempo extra que serà ¡ necesaria si cada paso que no se toma el cuidado de la noche anterior, o AM si me decido a golpear el botà ³n del despertador a las 6:00 a.m. CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I certify that the attached paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else. I have identified the sources of all information whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased, all images, and all quotations with citations and reference listings. Along with  citations and reference listings, I have used quotation marks to identify quotations of fewer than 40 words and have used block indentation for quotations of 40 or more words. Nothing in this assignment violates copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property laws. I further agree that my name typed on the line below is intended to have, and shall have, the same validity as my handwritten signature